Review of C++ Fundamentals
Appendix A

	Language Basics (A2)
	
		A2 Comments

// This is a single line comment

/*
 * Programmer: Joe Sweeney
 * Program Name:
 * Date:
 * Description:
 */

		A3 Identifiers and Keywords
		A3 Fundamental Data Types

		A4 Variables
		A5 Named Constants
		A6 Enumerations
Named Memory location for storing data

		A5 Literal Constants

string sFirstName = "Joe";
d = double
l = long
f = float
i = int
b = boolean
c = char
s = string

		A7 The typedef Statement

typedef string char[30];

		A7 Assignments and Expressions
sFirstName = "Joe";

iNumber = 5 + 7

* - mult
/ - div
+ - addition
- - sub
% - modulus

&, && - AND
|, || - OR

! - NOT

7 != 5

!bDone

++
--

iNumber += 2
iNumber = iNumber + 2
		
	Input and Output Using iostream (A11)

#include <iostream>

	
		A11 Input
Standard input is keyboard

cin >> iNumber;



		A13 Output
Standard output is monitor

cout << "Please enter a number: ";

		
	Functions (A15)
	
		A15 User Defined Functions

void main() {
}

int main(int i) {

}

		A18 Standard Functions
		
	Selection Statements (A19)
	
		A19 The if Statement

if ( condition ) {
	x = 5;
	D = 6;
}
else x = 7;

		A20 The switch Statement

switch ( value ) {
	case 1:
	  line of code
	  break;
	case 2:
	  line of code
	  break;
	case 3:
	  line of code
	  break;
	default:
	  line of code
}
		
	Iteration Statements (A21)
	
		A21 The while Statement
pre-test loop
while ( x!=5 ) {
	x = 5;
}

		A24 The do Statement

post-test loop
do {

} while ( condition )

		A22 The for Statement

for ( int i=0; i<10; i+=2 ) {
	x += i;
}

	
	Strings (A30)
	
		A31 C++ Strings
		
			#include <string>
			Array of characters
			length() and size()
			comparing
			substr(position, length)
		
		A32 C Strings
		
			#include <cstring>
			must be null terminated
			helpful to create typdef
			copy: strcpy
			compare: strcmp
			concatenate: strcat
			
	Structures (A35)



struct student {
	string name;
	int    age;
	double gpa;
};


student cis246;

cis246.name = "joe";
cis246.age = 41;
cis246.gpa = 0;